The Danger of Undetected Ovarian Cancer

As one of the leading causes of cancer death in U.S. women, ovarian cancer is often called a “silent killer” due to its subtle and often undetectable symptoms in the early stages. By the time it’s diagnosed, the cancer has frequently spread beyond the ovaries, making effective treatment more challenging. Understanding the risks and recognizing the potential warning signs are crucial in catching the disease early and improving outcomes. In honor of September being Ovarian Cancer Awareness Month, Pegalis Law Group, LLC provides more information about this deadly disease to save lives hopefully.

What Is Ovarian Cancer? Why Is It Difficult to Detect?

Ovarian cancer begins in the ovaries in the female reproductive system. Three main types of ovarian cancer exist: epithelial tumors (which form in the ovary’s outer surface), germ cell tumors (which originate in the egg-producing cells), and stromal tumors (which develop in the connective tissue holding the ovaries together).

The early symptoms of ovarian cancer are often vague and easily mistaken for common, less severe conditions. Another reason why ovarian cancer is difficult to detect is the lack of early detection tools. Unlike cervical cancer, which can be detected early through regular Pap smears, there isn’t a reliable screening test for ovarian cancer. As a result, the disease is often diagnosed at more advanced stages.

What Are the Warning Signs of Ovarian Cancer?

Many women in the early stages of ovarian cancer have few or no symptoms until the disease has spread to other parts of the body. Sometimes, symptoms are mild or are mistaken for other conditions. The most common ovarian cancer symptoms include:

• Bloating
• Pelvic, abdominal, or back pain
• Constipation, diarrhea, or nausea
• Difficulty eating or feeling full quickly
• Loss of appetite
• Urinary symptoms, such as frequency or urgency
• Fatigue
• Unexplained weight loss or gain
• Abnormal vaginal bleeding
• Menstrual changes
• Pain during sex

Having one or more of these symptoms doesn’t always indicate ovarian cancer. However, we suggest making an appointment with your primary care physician or gynecologist to get them evaluated.

Who’s Most at Risk for Developing Ovarian Cancer?

Certain factors may increase a woman’s risk of developing ovarian cancer, including:

• Age – Women over 50 are at a higher risk of ovarian cancer, with the highest number of cases occurring in women 60 and above. However, women who aren’t menopausal are also at risk.
• Family History – A family history of breast, colon, or ovarian cancer can increase your risk.
• Reproductive History – Women who have never been pregnant or who had their first pregnancy after 30 may have a higher ovarian cancer risk.
• Existing Conditions – Women with polycystic ovary disease, endometriosis, or obesity are more likely to develop ovarian cancer.
• Hormone Replacement Therapy – Studies suggest a link between long-term use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and an increased risk of ovarian cancer.
• Genetics – Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes significantly raise your risk of ovarian and breast cancer. Women with Lynch syndrome may also be at a higher risk for ovarian cancer.

How Is Ovarian Cancer Diagnosed and Treated?

Ovarian cancer is diagnosed through pelvic examinations, imaging tests such as ultrasounds, blood tests, and biopsies (tissue samples that undergo lab analysis). Treatment for ovarian cancer usually depends on the disease’s stage and the patient’s overall health. Standard treatment options include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, hormonal therapy, and surgery for more advanced stages. A comprehensive approach to diagnosis and treatment can improve the patient’s prognosis. Regular follow-ups and supportive care are critical components of ongoing ovarian cancer treatment.

How to Check for Ovarian Cancer to Avoid Misdiagnosis

We recommend maintaining regular women’s health check-ups and exams. During a pelvic exam, your doctor will feel your ovaries and uterus, checking for any size or shape irregularities. If you have a family history of ovarian cancer, consider genetic testing and counseling to understand your risk. See your doctor immediately if you have any ovarian cancer symptoms. A couple of screening tests (transvaginal ultrasounds and the CA-125 blood test) help identify ovarian cancer but with varying degrees of success. For women at high risk, preventive surgery (removal of the ovaries and fallopian tubes) can greatly reduce the risk of developing ovarian cancer. Discuss your best options with your doctor.

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